Hereditary colorectal cancer refers to a colorectal cancer that is resulted by some genetic factors and others. It is familial and genetic. The high-risk groups and genetic risk can be found by the test of gene mutation. Notably, if the gene mutation is determined, the preventive treatment can be used to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer.
What kinds of people are the high-risk groups of colorectal cancer?
One, who has one of the following factors, is the high-risk groups, especially for the more than 40 years old.
- Fecal occult blood test was positive
- Family history of colorectal cancer patients
- The history of cancer and intestinal polyps
- Have two or more of the following:
- Chronic constipation
- Chronic diarrhea
- Viscous bloody stool
- History of adverse life events
- Chronic appendicitis
The clinical significance of colorectal cancer relative gene as following:
hMLH1、hMSH2
Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is a common hereditary cancer syndrome. hMLH1 and hMSh2are the major susceptibility gene. For patient with these genes mutation, the cumulative lifetime risk of colorectal cancer is up to 80%.
APC
The susceptibility gene of familial adenomatous intestinal polyposis (FAP) is APC. FAP patients often occur on 10-12 years old. The colorectal polyps can be found throughout and have high degree of malignancy. The colorectal cancer can occur until to the age of 45 with 100%.
Early screening high-risk individuals in the family is helpful to the periodic medical tests (colorectal examination, gynecological examination, and endoscopy) and surgery as soon as possible.
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